Retrospectively, we investigated the association of prostatic calculi with prostate cancer. Between July
2004 and March 2005, 141 patients who underwent sextant core transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy
were enrolled. All patients had a suspicion of prostate cancer in the form of prostate specific antigen (PSA) > 4 ng/ml
and/or abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE). The patients were divided into three groups according to their PSA
values (PSA < 10 ng/ml, PSA 10-20 ng/rnl, and PSA > 20 ng/ml respectively) and were evaluated separately. Prostatic
calculi were detected in 76 patients (53.9 %). Out of 141 patients, 29 had positive prostate biopsy (20.6%). No significant difference was found between the presence of prostatic calculi in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (54.9%, 51:-7% respectively; P = 0.56). Patients with prostate cancer and PSA < 10 nglml were associated with statistically insignificant higher incidence of prostate calculi compared to patients with BPH in the same group (83.33%, 59.3% respectively; p = 0.2). There is no association between the presence of prostatic calculi and prostate cancer. The prostatic calculi show similar distribution between patients with BPH and prostate cancer.