The Impact of Hamas' political culture or education on Hamas' political behavior while in governance is worth studying for a couple of reasons: the movement is tied thoughtfully and ideologically with a wide spectrum of Islamic movements beyond Palestine; and, with the beginning of the third millennium, it found itself in a new political environment that imposed new roles. This study draws importance from its attempt to envisage changing political behavior based on Hamas' ideology and political thought, and to test the congruency between theory and actual practices. Governance achievements and failures are examined in accordance with the degree of such congruency. The question of Hamas serving its final ideological aims is also evaluated. The researcher is following the descriptive-analytical approach to test the hypothesis put forth: Hamas' political thought and ideology have been very helpful in bolstering Hamas governing capabilities. Accordingly, the study is divided into two parts: one deals with elements and trends of Hamas political culture, the other discusses Hamas political behavior while leading the Palestinian Authority.