ABSTRACT

The research aims to analyze the spatial and environmental dimensions of nature reserves in the West Bank from an environmental justice perspective. The study used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze the spatial distribution of nature reserves and their relationship to: (1) the geopolitical division of the Palestinian land (Areas A, B, and C), (2) the locations of Israeli settlements and Palestinian communities, and (3) to the road network and military checkpoints. 

The results showed that 84% of the total area of ​​nature reserves is located in areas under full control of the Israeli occupation (Area C), while the percentage of reserves under Palestinian Authority control does not exceed 8%. The analysis also revealed that 33 Israeli settlements were built partially or entirely within the boundaries of nature reserves. As to the accessibility analysis, the results showed that, on average, a Palestinian travels more than twice the distance traveled by an Israeli settler to reach the nearest reserve.

These findings confirm that the Palestinian environment is subjected to a form of complex environmental injustice, whereby Palestinians are restricted in their right to access, manage, and protect their natural resources. The study recommends the activation of diplomatic and legal tools to hold the occupation authorities accountable for environmental violations. Furthermore, the study recommended strengthening the Palestinian community's presence in reserves through environmental trails and national activities, which would contribute to restore the relationship between Palestinians and their natural environment.

Conference Title

The impact of wars on sustainable development

Conference Country

Jordan

Conference Date

Nov. 25, 2025 - Nov. 26, 2025

Conference Sponsor

المجلس العربي للتنمية المستدامة في جامعة عمان العربية

Additional Info

Conference Website