Background: Uncorrected refractive errors, including myopia, represent a significant threat to normal visual development during early childhood and are a leading contributor to amblyopia—one of the most prevalent causes of unilateral vision loss in children. Early detection through structured vision screening and appropriate intervention is critical to mitigating long-term consequences such as reduced academic achievement, diminished economic potential, and impaired quality of life. Optometrists and other eye care professionals play a pivotal role in the early detection and management of pediatric visual abnormalities through comprehensive eye examinations and evidence-based prescribing. Discussion: This presentation will discuss the current clinical considerations for prescribing refractive correction in children from infancy through school age who present without other ocular pathologies such as strabismus or convergence excess. Emphasis will be placed on age-specific prescribing thresholds, developmental visual norms, and practical guidelines to support clinical decision-making. By integrating current evidence with practical recommendations, this lecture aims to enhance the competency and confidence of practitioners in delivering early, effective refractive correction for optimal visual outcomes
