Abstract: An important parameter that affects the performance of fixed solar panels and flat plate solar collectors is their tilt angle with horizontal. In fact, variation of tilt angle changes the top loss coefficient of solar panels and the amount of solar radiation reaching the absorber plate. A mathematical model is developed and used for calculating the absorbed energy for a typical solar panel in Palestine Capital City; Jerusalem (N 31° 47’, E 35°14’), on the daily, monthly, and seasonal basis. The optimal tilt angle (b) for a solar panel oriented to the south  is also obtained for two periods: the first is named Cold-Weather or Winter optimal installation tilt angle for the period (September 23 – to – March 21) and the other is named Hot-Weather or Summer  optimal installation angle for the period (March 22 – to – September 22). The annual optimal average installation tilt angle is (b_Avg = 31.69°), the average optimal cold- weather installation tilt angle is (b_Avg = 46.36°) and the average optimal hot-weather installation tilt angle is (b_Avg = 17.43°). The obtained results show that using two annual installation tilting angles is more efficient than using the annual average installation tilting angle and the obtained direct solar radiation is very close to  that obtained by using single axis auto tracking solar panels.

Key words: solar photovoltaic, optimum tilt angle, model evaluation, maximum power, solar panel orientation.

Conference Title

The First International Conference & Expo on Innovation and Sustainability in Engineering & Technology (The Future of Engineering & Technology Education)

Conference Country

Palestine

Conference Date

June 14, 2023 - June 15, 2023

Conference Sponsor

Exclusive Sponsor: Jawwal & Paltel, Media Sponsor: Media Center - An-Najah National University

Additional Info

Conference Website