There is little research knowledge or skill development to guide early childhood practitioners and parent practices with young children and their families living in on-going emergency settings. On-going emergency settings are different than an emergency crisis or disaster. On-going emergency settings refer to the time period after the initial response to a crisis, conflict, or disaster.

We utilize The 5-step Model to Empower Communities for Sustainable Change in a comparison of three case studies: Nepal, Palestine, and Costa Rica, to illustrate how quality holistic

and comprehensive ECCDE practices and programs are developed through community design, implementation, and management, while building trusting relationships within the local community emerged.

This study provides evidence based activities to better support the vulnerable young children living in on-going emergency settings as the local communities grow their understanding, knowledge, and skills as well as shift attitudes of ECCDE.