A Hybrid composite of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and carbon nanodots (CNDs) was synthesized by the
sol–gel method. CNDs were obtained from olive solid wastes by pyrolysis and chemical oxidation methods. The
combination of CNDs and ZnO materials led to the formation of a hybrid nanocomposite, where CNDs adsorbed
on the surface of ZnO particles leading to an increase of its ζ- potential to be